Efek Analgetik dan Antiinflamasi Kaempferia Galanga (Kencur)
Abstrak
Kaempferia galanga (K. galanga) atau yang dikenal sebagai "kencur" di Indonesia digunakan sebagai salah satu bahan makanan. Tanaman ini sering dijadikan pasta karena dipercaya dapat mengatasi kelelahan. Berdasarkan hasil review, secara tradisonal tanaman ini sering digunakan untuk pengobatan diare, migrain dan meningkatkan energi, dan mengatasi kelelahan.1 Rimpang K. galanga selama ini digunakan oleh untuk menghilangkan sakit gigi, sakit perut, pembengkakan pada otot dan rematik. K. Galanga secara luas juga digunakan di Thailand untuk pengobatan hipertensi, asma, rematik, gagngguan pencernaan, demam, sakit kepala dan mengurangi rasa nyeri abdomen.2,3
Kaempferia galanga termasuk dalam kingdom: Plantae, sub kingdom: Phanerogamae, divisi: Spermatophyta, sub divisi: Angiospermae, kelas: Monocotyledonae, seri: Epigynae, ordo: Scitaminales, keluarga: Zingiberaceae, genus: Kaempferiam, spesies : galanga. Bagian tanaman yang sering digunakan adalah rimpang, akar, daun.1
Komponen utama yang terkandung dalam K. galanga antara lain ethyl-p-methoxycinnamate (31.77%), methylcinnamate (23.23%), carvone (11.13%), eucalyptol (9.59%) dan pentadecane (6.41%). Ekstrak K.galanga dilaporkan memiliki efek antinflamasi, analgetik, antidiare, antibakteri, sedatif, sitotoksik, insektisidal, antihelmint, dan antioksidan.
Referensi
2. Sirisangtrakul W. Sripanidkulchai B. Effects of Kaempferia galanga L. and ethyl-p-methoxycinnamate (EPMC) on hepatic microsomal cytochrome P450s enzyme activities in mice. Songklanakarin J. Sci. Technol. 2011. 33 (4):411-417
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6. Ridtitid W, Sae-Wong C, Reanmongkol W, Wongnawa M. Antinociceptive activity of the methanolic extract of Kaempferia galanga Linn. in experimental animals. J Ethnopharmacol. 2008. 118(2):225-30.
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10. Srivastava N, Ranjana, Singh S, Gupta AC, Shanker K, Bawankule DU, Luqman S. Aromatic ginger (Kaempferia galanga L.) extracts with ameliorative and protective potential as a functional food, beyond its flavor and nutritional benefits. Toxicology Reports. 2019. 6:521-528
11. Umar MI , Asmawi MZ, Sadikun A, Majid AMSA, Al-Suede FSR, Hassan LE, et al. Ethyl-p-methoxycinnamate isolated from kaempferia galanga inhibits inflammation by suppressing interleukin-1, tumor necrosis factor-a, and angiogenesis by blocking endothelial functions. Clinics. 2014. 69 (2):134-144
12. Othman R, Ibrahim H, Ali mohd M, Awang K, Gilani A, Mustafa M. Vasorelaxant Effects of Ethyl Cinnamate Isolated from Kaempferia galanga on Smooth Muscles of the Rat Aorta. Planta medica. 2002. 68(7):655-7.
13. Tara VS, Chandrakala S, Sachidananda A, Kurady BL, Smita S, Ganesh S. Wound healing activity of alcoholic extract of kaempferia galanga in wistar rats. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol. 2006. 50(4):384–390
14. Syahruddin AN, Dahlan CK, Taslim NA. The effects of kaempferia galanga l. extract on pain, stiffness and functional physic in patient with knee osteoarthritis : double blind randomized clinical trial. International Journal of Science & Healthcare Research. 2017. 2(4): 37-43.
15. Taslim NA, Djide MN, Rifai Y, Syahruddin AN, Rampo YR, Mustamin M, et al. “Double-blind randomized clinical trial of kaempferia galanga l extract as an anti-inflammation (prostaglandin E2 and tumor necrosis factor alpha) on osteoarthritisâ€. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research. 2019. 12(5):63-66, doi:10.22159/ajpcr.2019.v12i5.31777.
16. Kanjanapothi D, Panthong A, Lertprasertsuke N, Taesotikul T, Rujjanawate C, Kaewpinit D, et al. Toxicity of crude rhizome extract of Kaempferia galanga L. (Proh Hom). Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 2004. 90(2–3):359-365
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