Pemberian Susu Sapi Formula (Enfamil A+1® dan SGM Ananda Presinutri®) Tidak Meningkatkan Estrogen dan Tidak Menurunkan Testosteron pada Bayi Tikus Putih (Rattusnorvegicus) Galur Wistar Jantan

Abstract

Kandungan fitoestrogen dalam susu formula kedelai dan estrogen pada formula pengganti cair telah terbukti meningkatkan estrogen darah dan menurunkan testosteron. Penekanan testosteron pada masa fetus akan menyebabkan terjadinya berbagai kelainan reproduksi. Dari analisis laboratorium diketahui susu Enfamil A+1® mengandung fitoestrogen sebanyak 1,54 pg/g dan estrogen sebanyak 2,04 pg/g, sedangkan susu SGM Ananda Presinutri® mengandung fitoestrogen sebanyak 1,48 pg/g dan estrogen sebanyak 1,87 pg/g. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek pemberian susu sapi formula terhadap kadar hormon estrogen dan testosteron pada bayi tikus putih galur Wistar jantan. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimental murni post-test only control group design menggunakan 27 ekor bayi tikus jantan yang dibagi secara random menjadi 3 kelompok. Kelompok Kontrol diberi air susu ibu tikus bayi wistar (ASI) ad libitum dan akuabidest. Kelompok Perlakuan 1 (P1) diberi ASI ad libitum dan Enfamil A+1®. Kelompok Perlakuan 2 (P2) diberi ASI ad libitum dan SGM Ananda Presinutri®. Penelitian dilakukan selama 18 hari sejak bayi tikus berusia 3 hari. Kadar hormon estrogen dan testosteron diukur dengan metode Enzyme-linked Immonosorbent Assay (ELISA).  Kadar estrogen rata-rata kelompok kontrol adalah 26,5689 ±4,76152  kelompok P1 adalah 25,5322 ±7,26736 dan kelompok P2 adalah 30,8356 ±6,78459. Kadar estrogen kelompok P1 dan P2 dibanding kontrol adalah tidak berbeda bermakna dengan p=0,194. Kadar tetosteron rata-rata kelompok kontrol adalah 0,4978 ±0,05826 ng/ml, kelompok P1 adalah 0,4800 ±0,07297 ng/ml dan kelompok P2 adalah  0,3856 ±0,18702 ng/ml. Kadar testosteron kelompok P1 dan P2 dibanding kontrol adalah tidak berbeda bermakna dengan nilai p=0,127. Dari penelitian ini disimpulkan bahwa pemberian susu sapi formula Enfamil A+1® maupun SGM Ananda Presinutri® tidak meningkatkan kadar estrogen dan tidak menurunkan testosteron pada bayi tikus putih galur Wistar jantan.  Dalam arti klinis dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemberian ASI bersama susu sapi formula Enfamil A+1® maupun SGM Ananda Presinutri® ditinjau dari efek terhadap kadar hormon estrogen dan testosteron aman diberikan pada bayi tikus putih galur wistar jantan.

Kata kunci: Susu sapi formula, Enfamil A+1^®, SGM Ananda Presinutri^®, estrogen, testosteron.

 

[The Administration of Formula Cowmilk (Enfamil A+1^® and SGM Ananda Presinutri^®) Did Not Increase Estrogen Level Nor Reduced Testosteron Level in Male Albino Rat (Rattusnorvegicus) Wistar Strain Baby].

Phytoestrogenconcentration of soy-based formula milk and estrogen in liquid replacement  formula milk proved to increase blood estrogen and reduce testosterone.  Pressure to testosterone during fetus stage could cause various reproduction disorder. Laboratoryanalysis showed that Enfamil A+1® contained phytoestrogen as much as 1.54 pg/g and estrogen as much as 2.04 pg/g, while SGM Ananda Presinutri® contained phytoestrogen as much as 1.48 pg/g and estrogen as much as 1.87 pg/g. The research was aimed to observe the effect of formula milk administration to the level of estrogen and testosterone level in male albino rat (Rattus norvegicus) Wistar strain baby. The research was true experimental post-test only control group design using 27 male white rat baby agregated randomly into 3 groups.  The control group was fed with breast milk adlibitum and aquabidest.  The first treatment group (P1) was fed with breast milk adlibitum and Enfamil A+1®.  The second treatment group (P2) was fed with breast milkadlibitum and SGM Ananda Presinutri®.  The research was carried out for 18 days since baby rat was 3 days old.  The average concentration of estrogen in control group was 26.5689 ±4.76152 pg/ml, while P1 and P2 group had average concentrations of 25.5322 ±7.26736 pg/ml and 30.8356 ±6.78459 pg/ml respectively.  The estrogen level of P1 and P2 group was not significanly difference than control group with level of p=0.194. Average testosterone levels of control group, P1 group and P2 group were 0.4978 ±0.05826 ng/ml, 0.4800 ±0.0729 ng/ml and 0.3856 ±0.18702 ng/ml respectively.  Testosterone level of P1 and P2 group was not significantly difference with level of p=0.127. The research concluded that administration of Enfamil A+1® formula milk or SGM Ananda Presinutri® formula milk did not increase estrogen level and did not reduce testosterone level to male Wistar strain rat baby. In clinical ways can be concluded that the administrasion of Enfamil A+1® and SGM Ananda Presinutri® was safe in observation of estrogene and testosterone level to male Wistar strain rat baby.

Keywords: formula cowmilk, Enfamil A+1®, SGM Ananda Presinutri®, estrogen, testosterone.