The Activity of Nimba Leaves (Azadirachta Indica A. Juss.) Extract Insecticide as Vegetative Pesticide on Rice Weevil (Sitophilus Oryzae L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)
Abstract
The purpose of the research regarding The Activity of Nimba Leaves (Azadirachta Indica A. Juss.) Extract as Vegetative Pesticide on Rice Weevil (Sitophilus Oryzae L.) is to identify the characteristics of contact poison, pesticide, and antifeedan from Nimba leaves extract on rice weevil (S. oryzae L.). The research is conducted in the biology laboratory Faculty of MIPA University of Udayana. The period of the research is from April to August 2017, using the complete random framework with 6 concentration tests (10 ppm, 100 ppm, 1000 ppm, 10000 ppm, 100000 ppm concentration, and control using methanol pro analysis (PA) solvent). Each test is repeated 4 times. The data is analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and if there is a significant difference (P<0.05) it is followed by Duncan test to identify the difference between the different tests. The data is quantified using SPSS for windows release 12.5 the year 2003. The result indicates that the extract of Nimba leaves A. indica A. Juss. is behaving more as an antifeedan at an optimum concentration of 1000 pm during the observation 48 hours after the test. The crude extract of Nimba leaves at an optimum concentration of 1000 ppm and a maximum of 10000 ppm, during the observation 36 hours after the application, is leaning towards behaving as a contact poison to the S. oryzae L.
References
Akpodiete, O.N.; N.E.S. Lale; O.C. Umeozor & U. Zakka (2015) Role of physical characteristics of the seed on the stability of resistance of maize varieties to maize weevil (Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky). Journal of Environmental Science, Toxicology, and Food Technology. 9(2): 60–66.
Anggara A.W & Sudarmaji (2008) Hama Pascapanen padi dan pengendaliannya. di dalam: Darajat AA, Setyono A, Makarim AK, and Hasanuddin A. (eds.). Padi: inovasi Teknologi Produksi. Jakarta: Balai Besar Penelitian Tanaman Padi. LIPI Press. hlm. 441–472.
Boadu, K.O; S.K. Tulashie; M.A. Anang & J.D. Kpan (2011) Production of natural insecticide from Neem leaves (Azadirachta indica). Asian Journal of Plant Science and Research. 1(4): 33-38
Babarinde, S.A; A. Sosina & E.I. Oyeyiola (2008) Susceptibility of the selected crops in storage to Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky in Southwestern Niger. J. Plant Prot. Res. 48(4): 541ï€550 (http://versita.metapress.com [16 Juli 2016].
Bomford (2000) Neem As An Antifeedant.
Available at:http://72.14.235.104/search?q=cache:0MUNd7mGyvol:www.
Sfu.ca/bisc/bisc842/michael/web_page/antifeed.htm+antifeedant+azadirachtin&hl=id&gl=id&ct=clnk&cd=6 Opened: 20-10-2006.
Debashri, M. & Tamal, M. (2012) A Review on efficacy of Azadirachta indica A. Juss based biopesticides: An Indian perspective. Research Journal of Recent Sciences. 1(3): 94-99.
Hendrival & Melinda, L. (2017) Pengaruh Kepadatan Populasi Sitophilus oryzae (L.) terhadap Pertumbuhan Populasi dan Kerusakan Beras. Biospecies. 10(1): 17 - 24.
Hendrival & Mayasari, E. (2017) Kerentanan dan Kerusakan Beras Terhadap Serangan Hama Pascapanen Sitophilus Zeamais L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Jurnal Agro. IV(2)
Isnaini, M; Elfira, R.P. & Wiridianti, S. (2015) Pengujian Beberapa Jenis Insektisida Nabati terhadap Kutu Beras (Sitophylus oryzae L.). Prodi Pendidikan Biologi , Fakultas Tarbiyah dan Keguruan, UIN Raden Fatah Palembang. Jurnal Biota. 1(1): 1-8.
Lihawa, Z. & Toana, M.H. (2017) Pengaruh konsentrasi Serbuk Majemuk Biji Sarikaya dan Biji Sirsak terhadap Mortalitas Kumbang Beras Sitophilus oryzae L. (Coleoptera: [Curculionidae) di Penyimpanan. Program Studi Agroteknologi. Fakultas Pertanian. Universitas Tadulako. Palu. e-J. Agrotekbis 5(2): 190 – 195.
Lee, K.Y; O.M. Lynn; W.G. Song; J.K Shim & J.E. Kim (2010) Effects of Azadirachtin and Neem-based Formulations for the Control of Sweet potato Whitefly and Root-knot Nematode. J. Korean Soc. Appl. Biol. Chem. 53(5): 598-604
Lopulalan, C.G.C. (2010) Analisa Ketahanan Beberapa Varietas Padi terhadap Serangan Hama Gudang (Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky). Jurnal Budidaya Pertanian. vol 6(1): 11–16.
Manaf, S; Kusmini, & Helmiyati, E. (2005) Evaluasi Daya Repelensi Daun Nimba (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) terhadap Hama Gudang Sitophilus oryzae L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Jurnal Gradien. 1(1): 23-29.
National Research Council. (1992) Neem. A Tree for Solving Global Problem. Dalam : Azadirachta indica : One Tree’s Arsenal Against Pests. National Academy Press. Washington, D.C. p. 1-3.
Purba, S. (2007) Uji Efektivitas Ekstrak Daun Mengkudu (Morinda citrifolia) terhadap Plutella xylostella L. (Lepidoptera : Plutellidae) di Laboratorium. Skripsi. Universitas Sumatera Utara. Medan. Hlm 29-35.
Saenong, M.S. (2016) Tumbuhan Indonesia Potensial sebagai Insektisida Nabati untuk Mengendalikan Hama Kumbang Bubuk Jagung (Sitophilus spp.). Balai Penelitian Tanaman Serealia. Jurnal Litbang Pertanian. 35(3): 131-142.
Setiawan, D. (2010) Kajian Daya Insektisida Ekstrak Daun Nimba (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) terhadap Perkembangan Serangga Hama Gudang Sitophilus oryzae Linn. Jurusan Biologi FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya. Sumatera Selatan. Jurnal Penelitian Sains. Edisi Khusus Juni (D)10: 06-12.
Setiawati, W.R; Murtiningsih, N; Gunaeni & Rubiati, T. (2008) Tumbuhan Bahan Pestisida Nabati dan cara Pembuatannya untuk Pengendalian Organisma Pengganggu Tumbuhan (OPT). Balai Penelitian Sayuran. Balitbang Pertanian.
Subiyakto (2009) Ekstrak Biji Nimba Sebagai Pestisida Nabati: Potensi, Kendala, dan Strategi Pengembangannya, Jurnal Perspektif, 8 (2): 108-116.
Subiyakto (2000) Pemanfaatan Serbuk Biji Mimba (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) untuk Pengendalian Serangga Hama Kapas.
Available at: http://www.azadirachta.com/cetak/2000/0605/30/0603.htm
Opened: 13-05-2006.
Suanda, I.W & Kristiana, Y.V. (2004) Optimalisasi Aktivitas Senyawa Bioaktif dari Ekstrak Daun Nimba (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.) pada Hama Tanaman Kubis (Plutella xylostella). Hasil Penelitian Jurusan Biologi FMIPA Universitas Udayana: Jimbaran-Badung.
Suanda, I.W. (2002) Aktivitas Insektisida Ekstrak daun Brotowali (Tinospora crispa L.) sebagai Insektisida Nabati untuk Mengendalikan Larva Plutella xylostella pada Tanaman Kubis (Brassica oleracea var. capitate. Tesis. Program Studi Bioteknologi Pertanian Program Pascasarjana Universitas Udayana.
Strang’s. (2000) The Effect of Azadirachtin.
Available at: http:// www.gla.ac.uk/ibls/BMB/rhcs/resint/html.
Opened: 01-03-2003
Singhal, N. & S. Monika (1998) Neem and Environment. Word Neem. 14. New Delhi. p. 22-37.
Throne, J.E. & Eubanks, M.W. (2015) Resistance of tripsacorn-introgressedmaize lines to Sitophilus zeamais. Journal of Stored Products Research 64(Part A):62–64.
Yos, W.H. (2016) Uji Ketahanan Beberapa Jenis Beras (Oryza sativa) Terhadap Hama Kumbang Bubuk Beras (Sitophilus oryzae). Agrovigor. 9(2).
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
Abstract viewed = 497 times
pdf downloaded = 866 times
