Durabilitas beton yang mengandung agregat ringan buatan berbahan dasar abu terbang (fly ash)
Abstract
The low fly ash consumption in Indonesia needs to be tackled in order to avoid the pilling of this material. Employing this material as a raw material to produce lightweight aggregate becomes an alternative solution to increase the fly ash consumption, as the aggregate has high portion in the concrete mixture. However, as lightweight aggregate has high porosity, its durability especially in term of water uptake in aggressive environment need to be investigated. Thus, this research aims to observe the durability of concrete containing fly ash-based lightweight aggregate (FA LWA) in salt environment. The Salt environment was mimicked with Sodium chloride and sodium sulfate solution. The FA and EC LWA were used as coarse aggregate replacement with replacement rate 50 and 100% by volume. The physical, mechanical and durability properties of concrete were assessed by conducting the bulk density, compressive strength test and capillary water absorption rate in salt environment. The result shows that the bulk density is inversely proportional to the percentage of LWA content used. In addition, from the concrete capillary water absorption test showed that concrete containing FA LWA obtained a higher absorption value than control concrete. Based on the results of the capillary absorption test using different solutions, it showed that FA LWA concrete was more resistant in an alkaline environment or containing salt solution (NaCl). The results of this study contribute to a new breakthrough that fly ash consumption can be improved by transforming fly ash into artificial lightweight aggregate that has high resistance in marine environment.
References
Balapour, M., Khaneghahi, M. H., Garboczi, E. J., Hsuan, Y. G., Hun, D. E., & Farnam, Y. (2022). Off-spec fly ash-based lightweight aggregate properties and their influence on the fresh, mechanical, and hydration properties of lightweight concrete: A comparative study. Construction and Building Materials, 342, 128013. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.CONBUILDMAT.2022.128013
BSN. (1991). SK SNI T-15-1991-03 tentang Perhitungan Struktur Beton Untuk Bangunan Gedung. Jakarta: Badan Standardisasi Nasional.
BSN. (2019). SNI 2847:2019 tentang Persyaratan Beton Struktural untuk Bangunan Gedung. Jakarta: Badan Standardisasi Nasional.
De Brabandere, L., Alderete, N. M., & De Belie, N. (2022). Capillary Imbibition in Cementitious Materials: Effect of Salts and Exposure Condition. Materials, 15(4). https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15041569
Ekaputri, J. J., Shahib, M., & Bari, A. (2020). Perbandingan Regulasi Fly Ash sebagai Limbah B3 di Indonesia dan Beberapa Negara. Media Komunikasi Teknik Sipil, 26(2), 150–162.
Ekaputri, J. J., & Triwulan, T. (2013). Sodium sebagai Aktivator Fly Ash, Trass dan Lumpur Sidoarjo dalam Beton Geopolimer. Jurnal Teknik Sipil, 20(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.5614/jts.2013.20.1.1
Geetha, S., & Ramamurthy, K. (2013). Properties of geopolymerised low-calcium bottom ash aggregate cured at ambient temperature. Cement and Concrete Composites, 43, 20–30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2013.06.007
Geso?lu, M., Güneyisi, E., Alzeebaree, R., & Mermerda?, K. (2013). Effect of silica fume and steel fiber on the mechanical properties of the concretes produced with cold bonded fly ash aggregates. Construction and Building Materials, 40, 982–990. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2012.11.074
Geso?lu, M., Özturan, T., & Güneyisi, E. (2007). Effects of fly ash properties on characteristics of cold-bonded fly ash lightweight aggregates. Construction and Building Materials, 21(9), 1869–1878. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2006.05.038
Güneyisi, E., Geso?lu, M., Pürsünlü, Ö., & Mermerda?, K. (2013). Durability aspect of concretes composed of cold bonded and sintered fly ash lightweight aggregates. Composites Part B: Engineering, 53, 258–266. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2013.04.070
Hardjito, D. (2005). Studies on Fly Ash-Based Geopolymer Concrete. Curtin University of Technology, November, 94. https://doi.org/10.1177/1049909113506980
Illikainen, Y. P. F. T. (2017). Development and incorporation of lightweight waste-based geopolymer aggregates in mortar and concrete. Construction and Building Materials, 131, 784–792. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.11.017
Kourti, I., & Cheeseman, C. R. (2010). Properties and microstructure of lightweight aggregate produced from lignite coal fly ash and recycled glass. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 54(11), 769–775. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2009.12.006
Luo, Z., Li, W., Wang, K., Castel, A., & Shah, S. P. (2021). Comparison on the properties of ITZs in fly ash-based geopolymer and Portland cement concretes with equivalent flowability. Cement and Concrete Research, 143(February), 106392. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2021.106392
Nurjaman, B. Z., Roestaman, R., & Walujodjati, E. (2021). Pengaruh Penggunaan Agregat Abu Batu Sebagai Pengganti Agregat Halus Alami Terhadap Sifat-Sifat Beton. Jurnal Konstruksi, 19(1), 31–42. https://doi.org/10.33364/konstruksi/v.19-1.890
Paudel, S. R., Yang, M., & Gao, Z. (2020). pH Level of Pore Solution in Alkali-Activated Fly-Ash Geopolymer Concrete and Its Effect on ASR of Aggregates with Different Silicate Contents. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 32(9), 04020257. https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)mt.1943-5533.0003344
Promsawat, P., Chatveera, B., Sua-iam, G., & Makul, N. (2020). Properties of self-compacting concrete prepared with ternary Portland cement-high volume fly ash-calcium carbonate blends. Case Studies in Construction Materials, 13, e00426. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cscm.2020.e00426
Risdanareni, P., Choiri, A. A., Djatmika, B., & Puspitasari, P. (2017). Effect of the Use of Metakaolin Artificial Lightweight Aggregate on the Properties of Structural Lightweight Concrete. Civil Engineering Dimension, 19(2), 86–92. https://doi.org/10.9744/ced.19.2.86-92
Risdanareni, P., Van den Heede, P., Wang, J., & De Belie, N. (2021). The durability of mortar containing alkali activated fly ash-based lightweight aggregate. Materials, 14(13). https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14133741
Risdanareni, P., Villagran, Y., Schollbach, K., Wang, J., & de Belie, N. (2020). Properties of alkali activated lightweight aggregate generated from Sidoarjo Volcanic Mud (Lusi), fly ash, and municipal solid waste incineration bottom ash. Materials, 13(11). https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13112528
Salain, I. M. A. K. (2021). Kekuatan dan Permeabilitas Beton Abu Terbang Volume Tinggi. Jurnal Teknik Sipil, 28(2), 133–142. https://doi.org/10.5614/jts.2021.28.2.2
Tang, P., & Brouwers, H. J. H. (2017b). Integral recycling of municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) bottom ash fines (0–2 mm) and industrial powder wastes by cold-bonding pelletization. Waste Management, 62, 125–138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2017.02.028
Tang, P., Florea, M. V. A., & Brouwers, H. J. H. (2017a). Employing cold bonded pelletization to produce lightweight aggregates from incineration fine bottom ash. Journal of Cleaner Production, 165, 1371–1384. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.07.234
Thomas, J., & Harilal, B. (2015). Cement & Concrete Composites Properties of cold bonded quarry dust coarse aggregates and its use in concrete. CEMENT AND CONCRETE COMPOSITES, 62, 67–75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2015.05.005
Zhang, L., Zhang, Y., Liu, C., Liu, L., & Tang, K. (2017). Study on microstructure and bond strength of interfacial transition zone between cement paste and high-performance lightweight aggregates prepared from ferrochromium slag. Construction and Building Materials, 142, 31–41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.03.083
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
1. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-SA 4.0) that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
2. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
3. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
Abstract viewed = 60 times
PDF downloaded = 104 times
