Evaluasi kinerja lalu lintas pada simpang tak bersinyal menggunakan metode PKJI 2023 (studi kasus simpang Jl. Mayor Muslich – Jl. Empat Lima Kota Serang, Banten)

Abstract

The growth in the number of vehicles in Serang City, which reached more than 450,000 units in 2022, has placed considerable pressure on unsignalized intersections, particularly in residential areas with limited roadway space. This condition leads to vehicle delays, reduced movement efficiency, and an increased potential for traffic conflicts at the Jl. Mayor Muslich – Jl. Empat Lima intersection. These problems may potentially result in long-term consequences such as rising economic costs due to travel delays, air pollution from vehicle emissions trapped in congestion, and a higher risk of traffic accidents. This study employs the Indonesian Highway Capacity Manual (PKJI) 2023 method to evaluate intersection performance, analyzing parameters such as capacity, degree of saturation (DS), vehicle delay, and level of service (LOS). The results show that a limited widening of 50–100 cm on the intersection approaches increased capacity from 3,525 to 3,823 pcu/hour, reduced the degree of saturation (DS) from 0.80 to 0.74, and lowered vehicle delay from 13.81 to 12.93 seconds. This significant improvement occurs because the widening enables a more balanced flow distribution and reduces turning movement conflicts, particularly for left and right turns. This study contributes by demonstrating that even small-scale interventions can produce tangible improvements in intersection performance, thereby providing a reference for local governments to implement phased traffic management strategies that adapt to the constraints of urban space.