Semantic Broadening of the Word Sudah in the Spoken Use of Bahasa Indonesia in Sumba
Abstract
This is a descriptive qualitative study which aims at studying the use of the word sudah in the spoken use of Bahasa Indonesia in Sumba. According to Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, sudah is an adverb used mostly to inform that something has already happened or that something has already been done. The position of sudah in phrases or sentences precedes the verb or adjective that it modifies. However, there is a different use of sudah in Sumba, and probably in mostly eastern islands in Indonesia, where this adverb is placed after the verb. The purpose of this research is to study the meaning brought by this new arrangement of sudah. The data was spoken use of Bahasa Indonesia collected through note-taking at campus, houses, and public places (market and stores). The data collected was then analyzed using agih method or meaning-analysis method. There were also 2 informants asked to get information on the function of the new arrangement. The analysis showed that the adverb sudah underwent the semantic or meaning broadening in its use. This study revealed there were 3 new meanings as the result of broadening process, (1) to give order or to ask other people to do something, (2) to invite other people to do something, and (3) to inform that something is about to happen or to be done soon. With these new meanings, the adverb sudah can also function as an adverb to show that something has not happened yet or something has not been done yet, the contrast of what is suggested in the dictionary.
References
Aarts, B., Chalker, S., & Weiner, E. (1993). The Oxford Dictionary of English Grammar. Oxford University Press.
Al-Kadi, A. M. T., & Ahmed, R. A. (2018). Evolution of English in the Internet Age. Indonesian Journal of Applied Linguistics, 7(3), 727–736.
Banks, M. A. (2004). Semantic Changes in Present-Day English ( PDE ) Semantic Changes in Present-Day English ( PDE ).
Baugh, A. C., & Cable, T. (2005). A History of the English Language (5th ed.). Pearson Education.
Danzaki, M. A. (2015). Semantic Change in Arabic Loanwords in Hausa. 2nd International Conference on Arabic Studies and Islamic Civilization, March, 448–458.
Darheni, N. (2011). Dinamika Perkembangan Kosakata Bahasa Indonesia Ditinjau dari Aspek Pemaknaan. Jurnal Sosioteknologi, 10(23), 1117–1128.
Finegan, E. (2004). Language: Its Structure and Use. Thomson Wadsworth.
Fromkin, V., Blair, D., & Collins, P. (2000). An Introduction to Language. Harcourt Australia.
Grondelaers, S., Speelman, D., & Geeraerts, D. (2012). Lexical Variation and Change. In The Oxford Handbook of Cognitive Linguistics.
Hock, H. H., & Joseph, B. D. (2009). Language History, Language Change, and Language Relationship: An Introduction to Historical and Comparative Linguistics. Mouton Grammar Library.
Hollmann, W. B. (2009). Semantic Change. In J. Culpeper, F. Katamba, P. Kerswill, & T. McEnery (Eds.), English Language: Description, Variation and Context (pp. 301–313). Palgrave.
Huddleston, R., & Pullum, G. K. (2005). A Student’s Introduction to English Grammar. Cambridge University Press.
Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia. (2016). Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa, Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia.
Maxilom, R. M. R. (2008). Semantic Change of the Selected Cebuano Words. Proceedings of the 22nd Pacific Asia Conference on Language, Information and Computation, PACLIC 22, 282–289.
Merriam-Webster Dictionary. (2016).
Nugraha, A. D. S. (2018). PERLUASAN MAKNA LEKSEM ANAK DALAM BAHASA INDONESIA. Sirok Bastra.
Payne, T. E. (2011). Understanding English Grammar. Cambridge University Press.
Pedoman Umum Ejaan Bahasa Indonesia. (2016). PEDOMAN UMUM EJAAN BAHASA INDONESIA Tim Pengembang Pedoman Bahasa Indonesia Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan.
Sembiring, R. J. (2013). Perubahan Makna dalam Rubrik Politik, Sosial, dan Ekonomi pada Harian Pontianak Post. Universitas Tanjungpura.
Traugott, E. C. (2017). Semantic Change. In Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Linguistics (Issue August, pp. 1–23). Oxford University Press.
Copyright (c) 2020 RETORIKA: Jurnal Ilmu Bahasa
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
This journal provides immediate open access to its content on the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge.
All articles published Open Access will be immediately and permanently free for everyone to read and download. We are continuously working with our author communities to select the best choice of license options, currently being defined for this journal as follows: Creative Commons-Non Ceomercial-Attribution-ShareAlike (CC BY-NC-SA)
Abstract viewed = 358 times
PDF downloaded = 286 times
2.png)
