Manipulation And Persuasion Through Language Features In Fake News
Abstract
This study attempts to describe the use of language features in hoaxes to manipulate facts and describe their persuasive power in influencing readers. This research is a qualitative descriptive study. This research data is documented from turnbackhoax.id. This site was chosen because it is one of the most popular hoax repellent sites in Indonesia. Documentation was the method of data collection. Data were collected then classified, organized, and then analyzed using theoretical concepts. Theory used to analyze language manipulation in this research is Barton and Lee's theory of language features and Searle theory of speech acts. Data and analysis are presented in tables with brief descriptions. The results of this study indicates that hoax maker use language features in manipulating facts, those are (1) acronyms and initialisms, (2) word reduction, (3) letters or numbers, (4) stylized/unconventional spelling, (5) emoticons, (6) stylized/unconventional punctuation, and (7) images or photographs. Furthermore, it is found the use of assertive, expressive and directive speech acts to build persuasive power to influence the reader. The results of this study can be used as a reference in seeing the characteristics of language manipulation on hoaxes so that people can maximize the use of their logic and intellectual as a system of verifying information to determine the truth of information, knowing the information is fact or fake, distinguishing an information is a hoax or fact.
References
Asya, A. (2013). Linguistic Manipulation: Definition and Types. International Journal of Cognitive Research in Science, 1(2).
Barton, D., & Lee, C. (2013). Language Online: Investigating Digital Texts and Practices. Oxon: Routledge.
Darmayanti, N., Nurhadi, J., & Yubiliana, G. (2014). Tipe Tindak Tutur Dalam Komunikasi Dental Hipnosis : Suatu Kajian Pragmatik. Ranah, 3(1), 135–142.
Djatmika. (2016). Mengenal Pragmatik Yuk!? Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.
kominfo.go.id. (2018). Menkominfo: Baru 100 Portal Berita Online Terverifikasi. Retrieved from https://kominfo.go.id/content/detail/12345/menkominfo-baru-100-portal-berita-online-terverifikasi/0/berita_satker
Meiliana, N. A. (2018). BIN: 60 Persen Konten Media Sosial adalah Informasi Hoaks. Retrieved from https://nasional.kompas.com/read/2018/03/15/06475551/bin-60-persen-konten-media-sosial-adalah-informasi-hoaks
Meinarni, N. P. S., & Iswara, I. B. A. I. (2018). Hoax and its Mechanism in Indonesia (Vol. 165, pp. 183–186).
Mey, J. L. (1994). Pragmatics: An Introduction. USA: Blackwell.
Nashrillah, F. (2018). Dewan Pers: Ada 43 Ribu Media Online, Hanya 168 Yang Profesional. Retrieved from https://www.idntimes.com/news/indonesia/faiz-nashrillah/dewan-pers-ada-43-ribu-media-online-hanya-168-yang-profesional-1
Partana, P. (2020). Pola Tindak Tutur Komisif Beranji Bahasa Jawa. WidyaparWa, 38(1), 15–22.
Pratama, A. B. (2016). Ada 800 Ribu Situs Penyebar Hoax di Indonesia. Retrieved from https://www.cnnindonesia.com/teknologi/20161229170130-185-182956/ada-800-ribu-situs-penyebar-hoax-di-indonesia
Thamrin, M. (2010). Ekspresi Tindak Direktif dalam Interaksi Kelas Bengkel Jurusan Teknik Mesin Politeknik Negeri Malang. LITERA, 9(1), 91–101.
Wicaksono, A. (2015). Tindak Tutur Komisif Pementasan Drama “ Mangir Wanabaya †( Suatu Tinjauan Sosiopragmatik). Ranah, 4(1).
Yayuk, R. (2016). Wujud Kesantunan Asertif dan Imperatif dalam Bahasa Banjar. Ranah, 5(2), 115–124.
Yule, G. (2006). Pragmatik. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.
Copyright (c) 2020 RETORIKA: Jurnal Ilmu Bahasa
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
This journal provides immediate open access to its content on the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge.
All articles published Open Access will be immediately and permanently free for everyone to read and download. We are continuously working with our author communities to select the best choice of license options, currently being defined for this journal as follows: Creative Commons-Non Ceomercial-Attribution-ShareAlike (CC BY-NC-SA)
Abstract viewed = 1555 times
PDF downloaded = 1017 times
2.png)
