Hubungan Pemberian ASI dengan Kejadian ISPA pada Bayi Usia 4-6 Bulan di RSUD Sanjiwani Gianyar dan BRSUD Tabanan Tahun 2016-2020

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Infeksi Saluran Pernapasan Akut (ISPA) termasuk masalah utama bagi kesehatan anak dibawah lima tahun di Negara Indonesia. Persentase balita dengan ISPA menurut Kemenkes RI (2019) didapatkan 56,51%. ISPA dapat dicegah melalui pemberian ASI khususnya bagi anak umur 0-6 bulan karena kandungan zat antibodi yang mampu melindunginya dari beragam penyakit seperti ISPA dan diare. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui korelasi antara pemberian ASI dan kejadian ISPA yang menyerang anak umur 4-6 bulan di RSUD Sanjiwani Kabupaten Gianyar dan BRSUD Tabanan tahun 2016-2020. Desain penelitian adalah analitik observasional dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Adapun populasi penelitian yaitu semua bayi usia 4-6 bulan dengan ISPA yang datang atau di rawat di RSUD Sanjiwani Gianyar serta BRSUD Tabanan dari bulan Januari 2016 - Desember 2020 dengan teknik pengambilan sampel Consecutive- sampling yang memenuhi syarat inklusi serta eksklusi. Instrumen yang dipergunakan ialah rekam medis, analisis data menerapkan analisis univariat, bivariat yaitu pengujian Chi- square serta multivariat yaitu pengujian regresi logistik biner. Dari 102 total sampel didapatkan hasil pengujian bivariat p=0,048 yang selanjutnya dilakukan uji statistik multivariat dan diperoleh p=0,035 yang merepresentasikan pemberian ASI mempunyai korelasi signifikan pada kejadian ISPA. Sehingga dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan adanya korelasi antara pemberian ASI dan kejadian ISPA bagi bayi umur empat sampai enam bulan yang ada pada RSUD Sanjiwani Kabupaten Gianyar dan BRSUD Tabanan tahun 2016-2020.

Kata kunci: Infeksi Saluran Pernapasan Akut (ISPA), Air Susu Ibu (ASI), bayi usia 4-6 bulan

ABSTRACT

Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) is a major problem for the health of children under five years old in Indonesia. The percentage of children under five with ARI according to the Indonesian Ministry of Health (2019) was 56.51%. ARI can be prevented through breastfeeding, especially for children aged 0-6 months because it contains antibodies that can protect them from various diseases such as ARI and diarrhea. This study aims to find out the correlation between breastfeeding and the incidence of ARI that attacks children aged 4-6 months in Sanjiwani Hospital, Gianyar Regency and BRSUD Tabanan in 2016-2020. The research design is analytical observational with a cross-sectional approach. The study population was all infants aged 4-6 months with ARI who came or were treated at the Sanjiwani Hospital Gianyar and BRSUD Tabanan from January 2016 - December 2020 with a Consecutive-sampling sampling technique that met the inclusion and exclusion requirements. The instruments used are medical records, data analysis applies univariate analysis, bivariate Chi-square testing and multivariate binary logistic regression testing. Of the 102 total samples, the results of the bivariate test were p = 0.048 which was then carried out by multivariate statistical tests and obtained p = 0.035 which represented that breastfeeding had a significant correlation on the incidence of ARI. So from this study it can be concluded that there is a correlation between breastfeeding and the incidence of ARI for infants aged four to six months in Sanjiwani Hospital, Gianyar Regency and BRSUD Tabanan in 2016-2020.

Keywords: Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI), breastfeeding, infants aged 4-6 months