Gambaran SOFA Score dan Outcome Pasien Sepsis yang di Rawat di Rumah Sakit Ngoerah Denpasar Tahun 2024
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22225/amj.6.2.2026.397-404Keywords:
Sepsis, SOFA score, Prognosis, Ngoerah Hospital DenpasarAbstract
Abstrak
Sepsis dikenal sebgai sindrom klinis yang kompleks dan mengancam jiwa akibat respons inflamasi sistemik yang tidak terkontrol sehingga sering berujung pada disfungsi multiorgan dengan angka morbiditas dan mortalitas yang tinggi. Penilaian prognosis secara dini memiliki peranan prima dalam menentukan tata laksana, salah satunya melalui penggunaan Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score. Penelitian ini bertujuan memberikan gambaran SOFA score serta outcome pasien sepsis di Rumah Sakit Ngoerah Denpasar tahun 2024. Desain penelitian adalah observasional deskriptif dengan pendekatan potong lintang. Data diperoleh melalui total sampling terhadap 90 pasien dewasa (>18 tahun) yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Variabel yang dianalisis meliputi karakteristik demografi, komorbiditas, skor SOFA awal, serta outcome klinis. Hasil menunjukkan kelompok usia ?60 tahun mendominasi kasus sepsis (57,2%) dan sebagian besar pasien berjenis kelamin laki-laki. Diabetes melitus (36,6%) merupakan komorbiditas terbanyak, diikuti penyakit kardiovaskular (32,2%). Distribusi SOFA score terbanyak pada rentang 4–8 (57,8%). Analisis outcome menunjukkan adanya peningkatan proporsi mortalitas seiring dengan peningkatan SOFA score, yaitu 55,6% pada skor 2–3, meningkat menjadi 76,9% pada skor 4–8, dan mencapai 90% pada skor 9–16. Temuan ini mengindikasikan bahwa SOFA score awal berpotensi menggambarkan prognosis pada pasien sepsis. Penggunaan SOFA score sejak awal diagnosis dapat dipertimbangkan sebagai acuan dalam stratifikasi risiko, pemilihan strategi terapeutik, serta perencanaan monitoring pasien secara lebih komprehensif.
Kata Kunci: Sepsis, SOFA score, Prognosis, Rumah Sakit Ngoerah Denpasar
Abstract
[An Overview of SOFA Scores and Patient Outcomes for Sepsis Patients Admitted to Ngoerah Hospital, Denpasar, in 2024]
Sepsis is a complex and life-threatening clinical syndrome characterized by dysregulated systemic inflammation, frequently progressing to multiorgan dysfunction with high morbidity and mortality. Early prognostic assessment plays a crucial role in guiding clinical decision-making, with the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score serving as one of the most reliable tools This study aims to provide an overview of SOFA scores and patient outcomes for sepsis at Ngoerah Hospital in Denpasar in 2024. A descriptive observational study with a cross-sectional design was conducted using total sampling of 90 adult patients (>18 years) who met the inclusion criteria. Data collected included demographic characteristics, comorbidities, initial SOFA score, and clinical outcomes. The results showed that sepsis occurred predominantly in patients aged ?60 years (57.2%) and was more frequent in males. Diabetes mellitus (36.6%) was the most common comorbidity, followed by cardiovascular disease (32.2%). The majority of patients had an initial SOFA score of 4–8 (57.8%). Outcome analysis revealed an increase in the mortality rate as the SOFA score rose, namely 55.6% for scores of 2–3, rising to 76.9% for scores of 4–8, and reaching 90% for scores of 9–16. These findings suggest that the initial SOFA score has the potential to predict the prognosis in patients with sepsis. The use of the SOFA score from the outset of diagnosis may be considered as a guide for risk stratification,the selection of therapeutic strategies, and the planning of more comprehensive patient monitoring.
Keywords: Sepsis, SOFA score, Prognosis, Ngoerah Hospital Denpasar
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